Wohlers Report

Wohlers Report 2018

3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing State of the Industry
Annual Worldwide Progress Report
ISBN 978-0-9913332-4-0

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Table of Contents

  • Acknowledgments
  • About the principal authors
    • Associate authors

PART 1: INTRODUCTION

  • Focus of this report
  • Introduction to AM and 3D printing
  • History of additive manufacturing
    • 1960s to the modern era
    • March 2017 to March 2018
  • Industries, applications, and regions
    • Industries
    • Applications
    • Installations by country
  • Growth of CAD solid modeling

PART 2: PROCESSES AND MATERIALS

  • Processes
    • Material extrusion
    • Material jetting
    • Binder jetting
    • Sheet lamination
    • Vat photopolymerization
    • Powder bed fusion
    • Directed energy deposition
  • Materials
    • Polymers
    • Pricing
    • Metals
    • Making metal powders for AM
    • Composites and hybrid materials
    • Materials for metal-casting processes
    • Ceramics and other materials
    • New polymer products
    • New metal products
    • Materials testing and international standards
  • Third-party Material Producers
    • Open vs. Closed material business standards
    • List of third-party producers
  • Process/material matrix

PART 3: SYSTEM PRODUCERS

  • Additive Industries
  • AddUp
  • Arcam
  • Aspect
  • Carbon
  • Cincinnati
  • Concept Laser
  • Desktop Metal
  • DWS
  • Envisiontec
  • EOS
  • ExOne
  • Farsoon
  • Formlabs
  • GE Additive
  • HP
  • Lithoz
  • Markforged
  • Optomec
  • Prodways
  • Renishaw
  • Sciaky
  • Sisma
  • SLM Solutions
  • Stratasys
  • 3D Systems
  • Trumpf
  • Voxeljet
  • Xery
  • XYZprinting
  • Other companies in Asia/Pacific
    • Asiga
    • Aurora Labs
    • Bright Laser Technologies
    • Carima
    • CMET
    • D-MEC
    • EPlus 3D
    • Huake 3D
    • InssTek
    • Hengtong
    • Keyence
    • Long Yuan
    • Matsuura
    • Microjet
    • Mimaki
    • Raycham
    • Ricoh
    • Rokit
    • Sentrol
    • Sodick
    • SPEE3D
    • Tiertime
    • TPM
    • UnionTech
    • Wuhan Binhu
    • ZRapid
    • Zhuhai CTC
  • Other companies in Europe and the Middle East
    • Arburg
    • BeAM
    • BigRep
    • Digital Metal
    • DMG Mori
    • Do3D
    • German RepRap
    • Massivit
    • Nano Dimension
    • Nanoscribe
    • Norsk Titanium
    • OR Laser
    • Rapid Shape
    • Realizer
    • Sharebot
    • Sinterit
    • Sintratec
    • 3DCeram
    • Xjet
  • Other companies in the Americas
    • Fabrisonic
    • nScrypt
    • Rize
    • RPMI
    • Solidscape
    • 3D Platform
  • Additional system manufacturers
  • Process/manufacturer/material matrix
  • New AM machine developments
  • Desktop 3D printers
    • RepRap project
    • Funding models
    • Interesting developments
    • Software tools
    • Popular products
    • Delta designs
    • Comparing desktop 3D printers

PART 4: INDUSTRY GROWTH

  • Revenue from AM worldwide
    • Products and services
    • Growth percentages
  • Industrial system unit sales
    • Unit sales growth percentages
    • Market shares
    • Systems sold by region
    • Average selling price
    • Metal AM systems
    • Unit sales by manufacturer and year
  • Desktop 3D printer sales
    • Desktop 3D printer ASP
  • AM material sales
    • Photopolymers
    • Polymer powders
    • Filaments
    • Metals
  • Service providers
    • Primary service market
    • Secondary service market
  • Service provider survey results
    • Pre- and post-processing of parts
    • Most popular AM technologies
    • Revenue growth
    • Online marketplace
    • Supplier competition
    • Comments from service providers
  • Investment in publicly traded companies
    • Revenues and earnings from Stratasys and 3D Systems
    • Revenues and earnings from others
    • On the horizon

PART 5: FINAL PART PRODUCTION

  • Application areas
    • Aerospace
    • Medical and dental
    • Footwear
    • Motor vehicles
  • Benefits of AM for production
    • Elimination of tooling
    • Agile manufacturing and lead time reduction
    • Distributed production
    • Inventory reduction and part consolidation
    • Sustainability and waste reduction
  • Challenges
    • Running costs
    • Cost justification
    • Machine throughput
    • Certification and quality assurance
    • Changing organizational culture
  • Design for additive manufacturing
    • Part consolidation
    • Reduction of support structures and post-processing
    • Weight reduction and topology optimization
    • Lattice structures
    • Improving part functionality and performance
  • How DfAM impacts cost
  • Educating designers
    • Design guidelines
    • Education curricula and training
  • The future of DfAM
  • Post-processing
    • Post-processing of polymer parts
    • Surface treatment of polymer parts
    • Post-processing of metal parts
    • Thermal processing of metal parts
    • Metal support material removal
    • Metal surface treatment
    • Metal part inspection
  • Metal part production cost considerations
    • Facility costs
    • Accessories
    • Post-processing requirements
    • Design
    • Additional considerations
  • Process monitoring in metal powder bed fusion
    • R&D projects
    • Aconity3D
    • Arcam
    • Concept Laser
    • EOS
    • SLM Solutions
    • Sigma Labs
    • Outlook

PART 6: GLOBAL REPORTS

  • Asia/Pacific
    • China
    • India
    • Japan
    • Korea
    • Singapore
    • Taiwan
  • Australasia
    • Australia
    • New Zealand
  • Europe
    • Austria
    • Belgium
    • Denmark
    • Finland
    • France
    • Germany
    • Italy
    • Netherlands
    • Norway
    • Poland
    • Portugal
    • Romania
    • Russia
    • Slovenia
    • Spain
    • Sweden
    • Switzerland
    • Turkey
    • United Kingdom
  • Middle East
    • Egypt
    • Iran
    • Israel
  • Other regions
    • Brazil
    • Canada
    • South Africa

PART 7: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

  • Trends
  • Patents
  • Legal implications
    • IP strategies
    • FDA
    • FAA
    • Product liability
  • Corporate R&D
  • Consortia and collaborations
    • America Makes
    • Government Organization on Additive Manufacturing
    • Additive Manufacturing Consortium
    • Direct Manufacturing Research Center
    • Project TEAMM
  • AM standards
    • ASTM International Committee F42
    • ISO/TC 261
    • CEN/TC 438
  • U.S. government-sponsored R&D
    • National Science Foundation
    • Basic research on AM technology
    • Meso, micro, and nanoscale technology
    • National Institutes of Health
    • Department of Defense
    • Department of Energy
  • U.S. national laboratories
    • Oak Ridge National Laboratory
    • Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
    • Sandia National Laboratories
  • Government-sponsored R&D in Europe
  • Academic activities and capabilities
    • AM educational activities
    • Research innovations
    • Asia/Pacific
    • Europe
    • Middle East
    • North America
    • Other regions
    • Research institutes with AM capabilities
    • Future trends and contributions

PART 8: THE FUTURE OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

  • AM ecosystem of the future
    • Education, training, and research
    • Workflow management
    • Industry standards
    • Finance
    • Design
    • Design tools
    • Reverse engineering, scan processing
    • Materials
    • AM machines
    • Process controls
    • Major OEMs
    • Service providers, contract manufacturers
  • Startup companies
  • Market opportunity and forecast
    • Global manufacturing economy
  • Summary
    • Maturing mindset
    • An exciting future

APPENDICES

  • Appendix A: Glossary of terms
  • Appendix B: Desktop 3D printers
  • Appendix C: Material properties
  • Appendix D: Metal AM comparison matrix
  • Appendix E: AM software tools
  • Appendix F: 3D scanning systems
  • Appendix G: 3D scan-processing software
  • Appendix H: 1988-2006 unit sales